上一章讲了ug1085MPSOC技术参考手册的第三章,讲了有关MPSOC APU的相关内容,这次我们来讲第四章,同样也是MPSOC的核心器件之一的RPU,这部分内容较APU的话会简单一点。这里再次事先声明,由于我对ARM架构完全不熟悉,所以我用了AI工具来理解这些内容,所以解释可能有问题也欢迎指出。。
Chapter 4: Real-time Processing Unit 实时处理单元
4.1 Introduction 介绍
RPU也就是实时处理单元,听名字就知道这个处理器是为了实时性的应用而生的,这一节稍微介绍了一下RPU实时性的来源,就是低延迟的中断,这是通过中断过程和重启多指令加载的低延时实现的(我的理解是中断响应低延时和加载中断服务程序的低延时),此外专有外设端口以及TCM(紧密耦合内存)也提高了这种低延时性能。
4.2 Real-time Processing Unit Features RPU的特性
这节以列表的方式整理了一下RPU的特性,这里也过一下,RPU具有以下的特性:
Integer unit implementing the Arm v7-R instruction set.
Single and double precision FPU with VFPv3 instructions.
Arm v7-R architecture memory protection unit (MPU).
64-bit master AXI3 interface for accessing memory and shared peripherals.(RPU访问外部内存和共享外设的总线)
64-bit slave AXI3 interface for DMA access to the TCMs. (外部DMA方位RPU的TCM的总线)
Dynamic branch prediction with a global history buffer and a 4-entry return stack.
Separate 128KB TCM memory banks with ECC protection for each TCM.
32KB instruction and data L1 caches with ECC protection.
Independent Cortex-R5F processors or dual-redundant configuration.
32-bit master advanced eXtensible interface (AXI) peripheral interface on each processor for direct low-latency device memory type access to the interrupt controller.(访问中断控制器的低延时总线)
Debug APB interface to a CoreSight debug access port (DAP).
Low interrupt latency and non-maskable fast interrupts.
Performance monitoring unit.
Exception handling and memory protection.
ECC detection/correction on level-1 memories.
Lock-step (redundant CPU) configuration is available to mitigate random faults in CPU registers and gates.(锁步运行模式以减少随机错误)
Built-in self-test (BIST) to detect random faults in hardware (probably) caused by permanent failure.
Watchdog to detect both systematic and random failures causing program flow errors.