关键词:Java API开发、Spring Boot、WebSocket、Apache HttpClient
一、项目概述
本指南将使用Java实现StockTV金融数据API的完整对接方案,包含以下核心模块:
- ✅ REST API客户端:支持同步/异步调用
- ✅ WebSocket实时订阅:基于Spring WebSocket
- ✅ 企业级特性:连接池管理、熔断降级
- ✅ 生产就绪:完整的异常处理和监控
二、环境准备
1. 技术栈要求
- JDK 17+
- Maven 3.6+
- Spring Boot 3.2+
- Apache HttpClient 5.3
2. 依赖配置(pom.xml)
- <dependencies>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents.client5</groupId>
- httpclient5</artifactId>
- <version>5.3</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
复制代码 三、核心模块实现
1. REST客户端封装
- @Component
- public class StockTVClient {
- private static final String BASE_URL = "https://api.stocktv.top";
- private final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
-
- public StockTVClient() {
- this.httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
- .setConnectionManager(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManagerBuilder.create()
- .setMaxConnTotal(100)
- .setMaxConnPerRoute(20)
- .build())
- .build();
- }
- public String getStockList(String apiKey, int countryId) throws IOException {
- HttpGet request = new HttpGet(BASE_URL + "/stock/stocks");
- request.addHeader("X-API-KEY", apiKey);
-
- try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request)) {
- return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 2. WebSocket客户端配置
- @Configuration
- @EnableWebSocket
- public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
- @Override
- public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
- registry.addHandler(new StockWebSocketHandler(), "/stock-ws")
- .setAllowedOrigins("*");
- }
- @Bean
- public WebSocketHandler stockWebSocketHandler() {
- return new StockWebSocketHandler();
- }
- }
- public class StockWebSocketHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {
-
- @Override
- public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) {
- String wsUrl = "wss://ws-api.stocktv.top/connect?key=YOUR_API_KEY";
- session.sendMessage(new TextMessage(wsUrl));
- }
- @Override
- protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) {
- // 处理实时行情数据
- System.out.println("收到消息: " + message.getPayload());
- }
- }
复制代码 四、业务逻辑实现
1. 股票数据服务层
- @Service
- public class StockService {
-
- private final StockTVClient stockTVClient;
- public StockService(StockTVClient stockTVClient) {
- this.stockTVClient = stockTVClient;
- }
- @Retryable(maxAttempts = 3, backoff = @Backoff(delay = 1000))
- public List<Stock> getIndianStocks(String apiKey) throws IOException {
- String response = stockTVClient.getStockList(apiKey, 14);
- return parseStockData(response);
- }
- private List<Stock> parseStockData(String json) {
- // 使用Jackson解析JSON
- ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
- return mapper.readValue(json, new TypeReference<>() {});
- }
- }
复制代码 2. 控制器层
- @RestController
- @RequestMapping("/api/stocks")
- public class StockController {
- private final StockService stockService;
- public StockController(StockService stockService) {
- this.stockService = stockService;
- }
- @GetMapping("/india")
- public ResponseEntity<List<Stock>> getIndiaStocks(
- @RequestHeader("X-API-KEY") String apiKey
- ) {
- try {
- return ResponseEntity.ok(stockService.getIndianStocks(apiKey));
- } catch (IOException e) {
- throw new ResponseStatusException(
- HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
- "数据获取失败",
- e
- );
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 五、高级功能扩展
1. 熔断降级(使用Resilience4j)
- @CircuitBreaker(name = "stockService", fallbackMethod = "fallbackGetStocks")
- @RateLimiter(name = "stockService")
- public List<Stock> getIndianStocksWithCircuitBreaker(String apiKey) throws IOException {
- return stockTVClient.getStockList(apiKey, 14);
- }
- private List<Stock> fallbackGetStocks(String apiKey, Throwable t) {
- // 返回缓存数据或默认值
- return Collections.emptyList();
- }
复制代码 2. 异步调用
- @Async
- public CompletableFuture<List<Stock>> getStocksAsync(String apiKey) {
- return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
- try {
- return stockService.getIndianStocks(apiKey);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- throw new CompletionException(e);
- }
- });
- }
复制代码 六、生产环境配置
1. 应用配置(application.yml)
- stocktv:
- api:
- base-url: https://api.stocktv.top
- timeout: 10000
- max-connections: 100
-
- resilience4j:
- circuitbreaker:
- instances:
- stockService:
- failureRateThreshold: 50
- minimumNumberOfCalls: 10
- ratelimiter:
- instances:
- stockService:
- limitForPeriod: 100
- limitRefreshPeriod: 1s
复制代码 2. 安全配置
- @Configuration
- public class SecurityConfig {
- @Bean
- public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
- http
- .authorizeHttpRequests(auth -> auth
- .requestMatchers("/api/**").authenticated()
- .anyRequest().permitAll()
- )
- .httpBasic(Customizer.withDefaults());
- return http.build();
- }
- }
复制代码 七、监控与调试
1. Actuator集成
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
- </dependency>
复制代码 2. 自定义指标
- @Bean
- MeterRegistryCustomizer<MeterRegistry> metrics() {
- return registry -> registry.config().commonTags("application", "stocktv-client");
- }
- @Timed(value = "stocktv.api.time", description = "API调用耗时")
- public List<Stock> getStocksWithMetrics(String apiKey) throws IOException {
- return stockService.getIndianStocks(apiKey);
- }
复制代码 八、最佳实践建议
- 连接管理
- 使用连接池避免频繁建立连接
- 设置合理的超时时间(推荐:连接超时3秒,读取超时10秒)
- 安全防护
- API密钥加密存储(推荐使用Vault)
- 启用HTTPS证书校验
- 性能优化
- 日志记录
- @Slf4j
- public class StockTVClient {
- public String getStockList(String apiKey) throws IOException {
- log.debug("请求股票数据,API Key: {}", maskApiKey(apiKey));
- // ...
- }
-
- private String maskApiKey(String key) {
- if (key == null || key.length() < 8) return "****";
- return key.substring(0, 3) + "****" + key.substring(key.length()-3);
- }
- }
复制代码 九、完整项目结构
- stocktv-java/
- ├── src/
- │ ├── main/
- │ │ ├── java/
- │ │ │ └── com/
- │ │ │ └── stocktv/
- │ │ │ ├── client/ # API客户端
- │ │ │ ├── config/ # 配置类
- │ │ │ ├── controller/ # 控制器
- │ │ │ ├── service/ # 服务层
- │ │ │ └── model/ # 数据模型
- │ │ └── resources/
- │ │ ├── application.yml # 应用配置
- │ │ └── static/ # 静态资源
- │ └── test/ # 测试代码
- ├── pom.xml
- └── Dockerfile # 容器化配置
复制代码 十、扩展阅读
- Spring WebClient官方文档
- Resilience4j熔断器配置
- StockTV API文档中心
通过本指南,您已经掌握了使用Java对接StockTV金融数据API的核心技术。建议结合具体业务场景,在以下方向进行深度优化:
- 数据持久化:集成MySQL/Redis存储历史数据
- 实时计算:使用Flink进行流数据处理
- 可视化展示:结合Echarts实现数据大屏
- 自动化测试:使用Testcontainers进行集成测试
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