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JavaScript —— 对象、数组、函数

唐嘉懿 3 天前
对象



  • 英文名称:Object。
  • 类似于C++中的map,python中的字典,由key:value对构成。
  • value可以是变量、数组、对象、函数等。
  • 函数定义中的this用来引用该函数的“拥有者”。
例如:
test.js中的内容为:
  1. let person = {  // 定义一个对象person
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7. <body>
  8.    
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
  14. </body>name:'kitty',  // 对象的元素可以是变量
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19. <body>
  20. <body>
  21.    
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>
  26. </body>
  27. </body>age:18,
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31. <body>
  32. <body>
  33. <body>
  34.    
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>
  38. </body>
  39. </body>
  40. </body>money:0,
  41. <body>
  42. <body>
  43. <body>
  44. <body>
  45. <body>
  46. <body>
  47.    
  48. </body>
  49. </body>
  50. </body>
  51. </body>
  52. </body>
  53. </body>friends:['Alice', 'Bob', 'Lucy'],  // 对象的元素可以是数组
  54. <body>
  55. <body>
  56. <body>
  57. <body>
  58. <body>
  59. <body>
  60.    
  61. </body>
  62. </body>
  63. </body>
  64. </body>
  65. </body>
  66. </body>clothes:{  // 对象的元素可以是对象
  67. <body>
  68. <body>
  69. <body>
  70. <body>
  71. <body>
  72. <body>
  73.    
  74. </body>
  75. </body>
  76. </body>
  77. </body>
  78. </body>
  79. </body><body>
  80. <body>
  81. <body>
  82. <body>
  83. <body>
  84. <body>
  85.    
  86. </body>
  87. </body>
  88. </body>
  89. </body>
  90. </body>
  91. </body>color:"pink",
  92. <body>
  93. <body>
  94. <body>
  95. <body>
  96. <body>
  97. <body>
  98.    
  99. </body>
  100. </body>
  101. </body>
  102. </body>
  103. </body>
  104. </body><body>
  105. <body>
  106. <body>
  107. <body>
  108. <body>
  109. <body>
  110.    
  111. </body>
  112. </body>
  113. </body>
  114. </body>
  115. </body>
  116. </body>price: 100,
  117. <body>
  118. <body>
  119. <body>
  120. <body>
  121. <body>
  122. <body>
  123.    
  124. </body>
  125. </body>
  126. </body>
  127. </body>
  128. </body>
  129. </body>},
  130. <body>
  131. <body>
  132. <body>
  133. <body>
  134. <body>
  135. <body>
  136.    
  137. </body>
  138. </body>
  139. </body>
  140. </body>
  141. </body>
  142. </body>add_money:function(x){  // 对象的元素可以是函数
  143. <body>
  144. <body>
  145. <body>
  146. <body>
  147. <body>
  148. <body>
  149.    
  150. </body>
  151. </body>
  152. </body>
  153. </body>
  154. </body>
  155. </body><body>
  156. <body>
  157. <body>
  158. <body>
  159. <body>
  160. <body>
  161.    
  162. </body>
  163. </body>
  164. </body>
  165. </body>
  166. </body>
  167. </body>this.money += x;  // this:返回拥有这个函数的对象,这里指person
  168. <body>
  169. <body>
  170. <body>
  171. <body>
  172. <body>
  173. <body>
  174.    
  175. </body>
  176. </body>
  177. </body>
  178. </body>
  179. </body>
  180. </body>}
  181. }
  182. function main(){
  183. <body>
  184. <body>
  185. <body>
  186. <body>
  187. <body>
  188. <body>
  189.    
  190. </body>
  191. </body>
  192. </body>
  193. </body>
  194. </body>
  195. </body>console.log(person);
  196. }
  197. export {
  198. <body>
  199. <body>
  200. <body>
  201. <body>
  202. <body>
  203. <body>
  204.    
  205. </body>
  206. </body>
  207. </body>
  208. </body>
  209. </body>
  210. </body>main
  211. }
复制代码
test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
复制代码
对象属性与函数的调用方式(访问对象的值的方式):

1. 点的方式,person.name、person.add_money()

2. 中括号的方式,person["name"]、person["add_money"]()

例如:
test.js中的内容为:
  1. let person = {  // 定义一个对象person<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>name:'kitty',  // 对象的元素可以是变量<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>age:18,<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>money:0,<body>
  38. <body>
  39. <body>
  40. <body>
  41. <body>
  42. <body>
  43.    
  44. </body>
  45. </body>
  46. </body>
  47. </body>
  48. </body>
  49. </body>friends:['Alice', 'Bob', 'Lucy'],  // 对象的元素可以是数组<body>
  50. <body>
  51. <body>
  52. <body>
  53. <body>
  54. <body>
  55.    
  56. </body>
  57. </body>
  58. </body>
  59. </body>
  60. </body>
  61. </body>clothes:{  // 对象的元素可以是对象<body>
  62. <body>
  63. <body>
  64. <body>
  65. <body>
  66. <body>
  67.    
  68. </body>
  69. </body>
  70. </body>
  71. </body>
  72. </body>
  73. </body><body>
  74. <body>
  75. <body>
  76. <body>
  77. <body>
  78. <body>
  79.    
  80. </body>
  81. </body>
  82. </body>
  83. </body>
  84. </body>
  85. </body>color:'pink',<body>
  86. <body>
  87. <body>
  88. <body>
  89. <body>
  90. <body>
  91.    
  92. </body>
  93. </body>
  94. </body>
  95. </body>
  96. </body>
  97. </body><body>
  98. <body>
  99. <body>
  100. <body>
  101. <body>
  102. <body>
  103.    
  104. </body>
  105. </body>
  106. </body>
  107. </body>
  108. </body>
  109. </body>price: 100,<body>
  110. <body>
  111. <body>
  112. <body>
  113. <body>
  114. <body>
  115.    
  116. </body>
  117. </body>
  118. </body>
  119. </body>
  120. </body>
  121. </body>},<body>
  122. <body>
  123. <body>
  124. <body>
  125. <body>
  126. <body>
  127.    
  128. </body>
  129. </body>
  130. </body>
  131. </body>
  132. </body>
  133. </body>add_money:function(x){  // 对象的元素可以是函数<body>
  134. <body>
  135. <body>
  136. <body>
  137. <body>
  138. <body>
  139.    
  140. </body>
  141. </body>
  142. </body>
  143. </body>
  144. </body>
  145. </body><body>
  146. <body>
  147. <body>
  148. <body>
  149. <body>
  150. <body>
  151.    
  152. </body>
  153. </body>
  154. </body>
  155. </body>
  156. </body>
  157. </body>this.money += x;  // this:返回拥有这个函数的对象,这里指person<body>
  158. <body>
  159. <body>
  160. <body>
  161. <body>
  162. <body>
  163.    
  164. </body>
  165. </body>
  166. </body>
  167. </body>
  168. </body>
  169. </body>}}function main(){<body>
  170. <body>
  171. <body>
  172. <body>
  173. <body>
  174. <body>
  175.    
  176. </body>
  177. </body>
  178. </body>
  179. </body>
  180. </body>
  181. </body>// 1. 点的方式,类似于c++中的class类<body>
  182. <body>
  183. <body>
  184. <body>
  185. <body>
  186. <body>
  187.    
  188. </body>
  189. </body>
  190. </body>
  191. </body>
  192. </body>
  193. </body>console.log(person.name, person.age, person.clothes); // kitty 18 {color:'pink',price: 100}<body>
  194. <body>
  195. <body>
  196. <body>
  197. <body>
  198. <body>
  199.    
  200. </body>
  201. </body>
  202. </body>
  203. </body>
  204. </body>
  205. </body>// delete person.name;  // 删除对象的属性<body>
  206. <body>
  207. <body>
  208. <body>
  209. <body>
  210. <body>
  211.    
  212. </body>
  213. </body>
  214. </body>
  215. </body>
  216. </body>
  217. </body><body>
  218. <body>
  219. <body>
  220. <body>
  221. <body>
  222. <body>
  223.    
  224. </body>
  225. </body>
  226. </body>
  227. </body>
  228. </body>
  229. </body>console.log(person.money);  // 0<body>
  230. <body>
  231. <body>
  232. <body>
  233. <body>
  234. <body>
  235.    
  236. </body>
  237. </body>
  238. </body>
  239. </body>
  240. </body>
  241. </body>person.add_money(10);  // 调用函数<body>
  242. <body>
  243. <body>
  244. <body>
  245. <body>
  246. <body>
  247.    
  248. </body>
  249. </body>
  250. </body>
  251. </body>
  252. </body>
  253. </body>console.log(person.money);  // 10<body>
  254. <body>
  255. <body>
  256. <body>
  257. <body>
  258. <body>
  259.    
  260. </body>
  261. </body>
  262. </body>
  263. </body>
  264. </body>
  265. </body>// 2. 中括号的方式<body>
  266. <body>
  267. <body>
  268. <body>
  269. <body>
  270. <body>
  271.    
  272. </body>
  273. </body>
  274. </body>
  275. </body>
  276. </body>
  277. </body>console.log(person["money"]);  // 10<body>
  278. <body>
  279. <body>
  280. <body>
  281. <body>
  282. <body>
  283.    
  284. </body>
  285. </body>
  286. </body>
  287. </body>
  288. </body>
  289. </body>person["add_money"](10);  // 调用函数<body>
  290. <body>
  291. <body>
  292. <body>
  293. <body>
  294. <body>
  295.    
  296. </body>
  297. </body>
  298. </body>
  299. </body>
  300. </body>
  301. </body>console.log(person["money"]);  // 20}export {<body>
  302. <body>
  303. <body>
  304. <body>
  305. <body>
  306. <body>
  307.    
  308. </body>
  309. </body>
  310. </body>
  311. </body>
  312. </body>
  313. </body>main}
复制代码
test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
复制代码
数组



  • 数组是一种特殊的对象,用中括号[  ]表示。
  • 类似于C++中的数组,但是数组中的元素类型可以不同。
  • 数组中的元素可以是变量、数组、对象、函数。
例如:
test.js中的内容为:
  1. let a = [1, 2, "a", "kitty", [3, 4, 5]];let b = [<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>1,  // 变量<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>"kitty",  // 变量<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>['a', 'b', 3],  // 数组<body>
  38. <body>
  39. <body>
  40. <body>
  41. <body>
  42. <body>
  43.    
  44. </body>
  45. </body>
  46. </body>
  47. </body>
  48. </body>
  49. </body>function () {  // 函数<body>
  50. <body>
  51. <body>
  52. <body>
  53. <body>
  54. <body>
  55.    
  56. </body>
  57. </body>
  58. </body>
  59. </body>
  60. </body>
  61. </body><body>
  62. <body>
  63. <body>
  64. <body>
  65. <body>
  66. <body>
  67.    
  68. </body>
  69. </body>
  70. </body>
  71. </body>
  72. </body>
  73. </body>console.log("Hello World");<body>
  74. <body>
  75. <body>
  76. <body>
  77. <body>
  78. <body>
  79.    
  80. </body>
  81. </body>
  82. </body>
  83. </body>
  84. </body>
  85. </body>},<body>
  86. <body>
  87. <body>
  88. <body>
  89. <body>
  90. <body>
  91.    
  92. </body>
  93. </body>
  94. </body>
  95. </body>
  96. </body>
  97. </body>{ name: "kitty", age: 18 }  // 对象];let c = [];  // 定义一个空数组let d = {};  // 定义一个空对象(没有任何成员的对象)let main = function() {<body>
  98. <body>
  99. <body>
  100. <body>
  101. <body>
  102. <body>
  103.    
  104. </body>
  105. </body>
  106. </body>
  107. </body>
  108. </body>
  109. </body>console.log(a);<body>
  110. <body>
  111. <body>
  112. <body>
  113. <body>
  114. <body>
  115.    
  116. </body>
  117. </body>
  118. </body>
  119. </body>
  120. </body>
  121. </body>console.log(b);<body>
  122. <body>
  123. <body>
  124. <body>
  125. <body>
  126. <body>
  127.    
  128. </body>
  129. </body>
  130. </body>
  131. </body>
  132. </body>
  133. </body>console.log(c);<body>
  134. <body>
  135. <body>
  136. <body>
  137. <body>
  138. <body>
  139.    
  140. </body>
  141. </body>
  142. </body>
  143. </body>
  144. </body>
  145. </body>console.log(d);}export {<body>
  146. <body>
  147. <body>
  148. <body>
  149. <body>
  150. <body>
  151.    
  152. </body>
  153. </body>
  154. </body>
  155. </body>
  156. </body>
  157. </body>main}
复制代码
test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
复制代码
访问数组中的元素:



  • 通过下标,从0开始访问。
例如:
test.js中的内容为:
  1. let a = [1, 2, "a", "kitty", [3, 4, 5]];let b = [<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>1,  // 变量<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>"kitty",  // 变量<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>['a', 'b', 3],  // 数组<body>
  38. <body>
  39. <body>
  40. <body>
  41. <body>
  42. <body>
  43.    
  44. </body>
  45. </body>
  46. </body>
  47. </body>
  48. </body>
  49. </body>function () {  // 函数<body>
  50. <body>
  51. <body>
  52. <body>
  53. <body>
  54. <body>
  55.    
  56. </body>
  57. </body>
  58. </body>
  59. </body>
  60. </body>
  61. </body><body>
  62. <body>
  63. <body>
  64. <body>
  65. <body>
  66. <body>
  67.    
  68. </body>
  69. </body>
  70. </body>
  71. </body>
  72. </body>
  73. </body>console.log("Hello World");<body>
  74. <body>
  75. <body>
  76. <body>
  77. <body>
  78. <body>
  79.    
  80. </body>
  81. </body>
  82. </body>
  83. </body>
  84. </body>
  85. </body><body>
  86. <body>
  87. <body>
  88. <body>
  89. <body>
  90. <body>
  91.    
  92. </body>
  93. </body>
  94. </body>
  95. </body>
  96. </body>
  97. </body>return 0;  // 如果不加这句话,执行函数后返回undefined<body>
  98. <body>
  99. <body>
  100. <body>
  101. <body>
  102. <body>
  103.    
  104. </body>
  105. </body>
  106. </body>
  107. </body>
  108. </body>
  109. </body>},<body>
  110. <body>
  111. <body>
  112. <body>
  113. <body>
  114. <body>
  115.    
  116. </body>
  117. </body>
  118. </body>
  119. </body>
  120. </body>
  121. </body>{ name: "kitty", age: 18 }  // 对象];let main = function() {<body>
  122. <body>
  123. <body>
  124. <body>
  125. <body>
  126. <body>
  127.    
  128. </body>
  129. </body>
  130. </body>
  131. </body>
  132. </body>
  133. </body>console.log(b[0]);  // 访问数组b[]的第0个元素,返回 1<body>
  134. <body>
  135. <body>
  136. <body>
  137. <body>
  138. <body>
  139.    
  140. </body>
  141. </body>
  142. </body>
  143. </body>
  144. </body>
  145. </body>console.log(b[2][1]);  // 返回 b<body>
  146. <body>
  147. <body>
  148. <body>
  149. <body>
  150. <body>
  151.    
  152. </body>
  153. </body>
  154. </body>
  155. </body>
  156. </body>
  157. </body>console.log(b[3]);  // 返回函数的定义: ƒ () { console.log("Hello World");return 0; }<body>
  158. <body>
  159. <body>
  160. <body>
  161. <body>
  162. <body>
  163.    
  164. </body>
  165. </body>
  166. </body>
  167. </body>
  168. </body>
  169. </body>console.log(b[3]());  // 执行函数,返回 Hello World   0<body>
  170. <body>
  171. <body>
  172. <body>
  173. <body>
  174. <body>
  175.    
  176. </body>
  177. </body>
  178. </body>
  179. </body>
  180. </body>
  181. </body>console.log(b[4].name)  // 返回对象的元素,返回 kitty<body>
  182. <body>
  183. <body>
  184. <body>
  185. <body>
  186. <body>
  187.    
  188. </body>
  189. </body>
  190. </body>
  191. </body>
  192. </body>
  193. </body> // 或者 console.log(b[4]['name']);<body>
  194. <body>
  195. <body>
  196. <body>
  197. <body>
  198. <body>
  199.    
  200. </body>
  201. </body>
  202. </body>
  203. </body>
  204. </body>
  205. </body>b[0] = function() {  // 给b的第0个元素重新赋值为函数<body>
  206. <body>
  207. <body>
  208. <body>
  209. <body>
  210. <body>
  211.    
  212. </body>
  213. </body>
  214. </body>
  215. </body>
  216. </body>
  217. </body><body>
  218. <body>
  219. <body>
  220. <body>
  221. <body>
  222. <body>
  223.    
  224. </body>
  225. </body>
  226. </body>
  227. </body>
  228. </body>
  229. </body>console.log("哈哈哈");<body>
  230. <body>
  231. <body>
  232. <body>
  233. <body>
  234. <body>
  235.    
  236. </body>
  237. </body>
  238. </body>
  239. </body>
  240. </body>
  241. </body>}<body>
  242. <body>
  243. <body>
  244. <body>
  245. <body>
  246. <body>
  247.    
  248. </body>
  249. </body>
  250. </body>
  251. </body>
  252. </body>
  253. </body>b[0]();  // 执行函数b[0],返回 哈哈哈}export {<body>
  254. <body>
  255. <body>
  256. <body>
  257. <body>
  258. <body>
  259.    
  260. </body>
  261. </body>
  262. </body>
  263. </body>
  264. </body>
  265. </body>main}
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test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
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数组的常用属性和函数:



  • 属性length:返回数组长度。注意length是属性,不是函数,因此调用的时候不要加()
  • 函数push():向数组末尾添加元素
  • 函数pop():删除数组末尾的元素
  • 函数splice(a, b):删除从a开始的b个元素
  • 函数sort():将整个数组从小到大排序
  • 自定义比较函数:array.sort(cmp),函数cmp输入两个需要比较的元素,返回一个实数,负数表示第一个参数小于第二个参数,0表示相等,正数表示大于。
test.js中的内容为:
  1. let a = [5, 4, 1, 3, 2];let b = [<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>1,  // 变量<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>"kitty",  // 变量<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>['a', 'b', 3],  // 数组<body>
  38. <body>
  39. <body>
  40. <body>
  41. <body>
  42. <body>
  43.    
  44. </body>
  45. </body>
  46. </body>
  47. </body>
  48. </body>
  49. </body>function () {  // 函数<body>
  50. <body>
  51. <body>
  52. <body>
  53. <body>
  54. <body>
  55.    
  56. </body>
  57. </body>
  58. </body>
  59. </body>
  60. </body>
  61. </body><body>
  62. <body>
  63. <body>
  64. <body>
  65. <body>
  66. <body>
  67.    
  68. </body>
  69. </body>
  70. </body>
  71. </body>
  72. </body>
  73. </body>console.log("Hello World");<body>
  74. <body>
  75. <body>
  76. <body>
  77. <body>
  78. <body>
  79.    
  80. </body>
  81. </body>
  82. </body>
  83. </body>
  84. </body>
  85. </body><body>
  86. <body>
  87. <body>
  88. <body>
  89. <body>
  90. <body>
  91.    
  92. </body>
  93. </body>
  94. </body>
  95. </body>
  96. </body>
  97. </body>return 0;  // 如果不加这句话,执行函数后返回undefined<body>
  98. <body>
  99. <body>
  100. <body>
  101. <body>
  102. <body>
  103.    
  104. </body>
  105. </body>
  106. </body>
  107. </body>
  108. </body>
  109. </body>},<body>
  110. <body>
  111. <body>
  112. <body>
  113. <body>
  114. <body>
  115.    
  116. </body>
  117. </body>
  118. </body>
  119. </body>
  120. </body>
  121. </body>{ name: "kitty", age: 18 }  // 对象];let main = function() {<body>
  122. <body>
  123. <body>
  124. <body>
  125. <body>
  126. <body>
  127.    
  128. </body>
  129. </body>
  130. </body>
  131. </body>
  132. </body>
  133. </body>console.log(b.length);  // 返回数组的长度,返回5<body>
  134. <body>
  135. <body>
  136. <body>
  137. <body>
  138. <body>
  139.    
  140. </body>
  141. </body>
  142. </body>
  143. </body>
  144. </body>
  145. </body>b.push(5);  // 在末尾添加新的元素<body>
  146. <body>
  147. <body>
  148. <body>
  149. <body>
  150. <body>
  151.    
  152. </body>
  153. </body>
  154. </body>
  155. </body>
  156. </body>
  157. </body>console.log(b);<body>
  158. <body>
  159. <body>
  160. <body>
  161. <body>
  162. <body>
  163.    
  164. </body>
  165. </body>
  166. </body>
  167. </body>
  168. </body>
  169. </body>b.pop();  // 删除最后一个元素<body>
  170. <body>
  171. <body>
  172. <body>
  173. <body>
  174. <body>
  175.    
  176. </body>
  177. </body>
  178. </body>
  179. </body>
  180. </body>
  181. </body>console.log(b);<body>
  182. <body>
  183. <body>
  184. <body>
  185. <body>
  186. <body>
  187.    
  188. </body>
  189. </body>
  190. </body>
  191. </body>
  192. </body>
  193. </body>a.sort();  // 排序(从小到大),返回[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<body>
  194. <body>
  195. <body>
  196. <body>
  197. <body>
  198. <body>
  199.    
  200. </body>
  201. </body>
  202. </body>
  203. </body>
  204. </body>
  205. </body>console.log(a);<body>
  206. <body>
  207. <body>
  208. <body>
  209. <body>
  210. <body>
  211.    
  212. </body>
  213. </body>
  214. </body>
  215. </body>
  216. </body>
  217. </body>a.sort(function(a, b) {  // 逆序(从大到小),返回[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]<body>
  218. <body>
  219. <body>
  220. <body>
  221. <body>
  222. <body>
  223.    
  224. </body>
  225. </body>
  226. </body>
  227. </body>
  228. </body>
  229. </body><body>
  230. <body>
  231. <body>
  232. <body>
  233. <body>
  234. <body>
  235.    
  236. </body>
  237. </body>
  238. </body>
  239. </body>
  240. </body>
  241. </body>return b - a;<body>
  242. <body>
  243. <body>
  244. <body>
  245. <body>
  246. <body>
  247.    
  248. </body>
  249. </body>
  250. </body>
  251. </body>
  252. </body>
  253. </body>})<body>
  254. <body>
  255. <body>
  256. <body>
  257. <body>
  258. <body>
  259.    
  260. </body>
  261. </body>
  262. </body>
  263. </body>
  264. </body>
  265. </body>console.log(a);<body>
  266. <body>
  267. <body>
  268. <body>
  269. <body>
  270. <body>
  271.    
  272. </body>
  273. </body>
  274. </body>
  275. </body>
  276. </body>
  277. </body>a.splice(1, 2);  // 删除从下标1开始的2个元素,返回[5, 2, 1]<body>
  278. <body>
  279. <body>
  280. <body>
  281. <body>
  282. <body>
  283.    
  284. </body>
  285. </body>
  286. </body>
  287. </body>
  288. </body>
  289. </body>console.log(a);}export {<body>
  290. <body>
  291. <body>
  292. <body>
  293. <body>
  294. <body>
  295.    
  296. </body>
  297. </body>
  298. </body>
  299. </body>
  300. </body>
  301. </body>main}
复制代码
test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
复制代码
函数



  • 函数是用对象来实现的。
  • 函数与C++中的函数类似。

函数的定义方式:

例如:
test.js中的内容为:
  1. // 第一种定义方式function add(a, b) {<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>return a + b;}let main = function() {<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>console.log(add(3, 4));}export {<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>main}
复制代码
test.js中的内容为:
  1. // 第二种定义方式let add = function(a, b) {<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>return a + b;}let main = function() {<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>console.log(add(3, 4));}export {<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>main}
复制代码
test.js中的内容为:
  1. // 第三种定义方式let add = (a, b) => {<body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>return a + b;}let main = function() {<body>
  14. <body>
  15. <body>
  16. <body>
  17. <body>
  18. <body>
  19.    
  20. </body>
  21. </body>
  22. </body>
  23. </body>
  24. </body>
  25. </body>console.log(add(3, 4));}export {<body>
  26. <body>
  27. <body>
  28. <body>
  29. <body>
  30. <body>
  31.    
  32. </body>
  33. </body>
  34. </body>
  35. </body>
  36. </body>
  37. </body>main}
复制代码
test.html中的内容为:
  1. <body>
  2. <body>
  3. <body>
  4. <body>
  5. <body>
  6. <body>
  7.    
  8. </body>
  9. </body>
  10. </body>
  11. </body>
  12. </body>
  13. </body>
复制代码
返回值:



  • 如果未定义返回值,则返回undefined。

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